Contoh Soal Kalimat Langsung dan Tidak Langsung dalam Bahasa Inggris

Salah satu bagian dari Bahasa Inggris yang seringkali membuat pembelajarnya bingung adalah Kalimat Langsung dan Kalimat Tidak Langsung. Untuk mengerti keduanya mari kita lihat definisi dari kedua jenis kalimat tersebut. Kalimat langsung atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut Direct Speech adalah cara bagaimana kita menyampaikan apa yang orang lain katakan dengan cara tidak mengubah susunan kata dan arti dari ucapan tersebut. Kita bisa menggunakan tanda kutip diantara Kalimat Tidak Langsung tersebut.

Sedangkan kalimat tidak langsung atau Indirect Speech adalah cara bagaimana kita mengatakan kembali perkataan orang lain dengan cara mengutipnya dan mengubah beberapa kata tanpa mengubah maksud dari perkataan orang tersebut. Di bawah ini adalah contoh-contoh soal Indirect Speech dan Direct Speech:

Did they stay at home last night?

A. He asked me if they had stayed at home the night before.
B. He asked me if they have stayed at home the night before.
C. He asked me if they stayed at home yesterday.
D. He asked me if they had stayed at home last night.

Jawaban yang benar adalah a karena kalimat dalam Simple Past Tense harus dirubah ke dalam Past Perfect Tense dengan perubahan time marker dari last night ke the night before.

Do you have your new novel today?

A. She asked me if I have my new novel today.
B. She asked me if I had my new novel that day.
C. She asked me if I have had my new novel today.
D. She asked me if I had had my new novel that day.

Jawaban yang benar adalah b karena kalimat dalam Simple Present Tense harus dirubah ke dalam Past Tense dengan perubahan time marker dari today menjad that day.

What is the boy hiding now?

A. The father asked the mother what the boy is hiding now.
B. The father asked the mother what the boy was hiding at that time.
C. The father asked the mother what the boy has been hiding at that time.
D. The father asked the mother what the boy had been hiding at that time.

Jawaban yang benar adalah b karena kalimat tanya dalam Present Continuous Tense harus dirubah menjadi Past Continuous Tense, dan time marker now harus dirubah menjadi at that time.

Don’t go anywhere this week.

A. He told me don’t go anywhere this week.
B. He told me to not go anywhere this week.
C. He told me: “Don’t’ go anywhere this week.”
D. He told me not to go anywhere that week.

Jawaban yang benar adalah d karena kalimat larangan dalam Present Tense “Don’t” harus berubah menjadi “not to”. Time marker this week dirubah menjadi that week.

I have been traveling here ten times.

A. He said he has been traveling there ten times
B. He said he had been traveling there ten times.
C. He said he had traveled here ten times.
D. He said he had been traveled here ten times.

Jawaban yang benar adalah b karena kalimat dalam Present Perfect Continuous Tense harus dirubah ke dalam Past Perfect Continuous Tense, dan keterangan tempat here harus dirubah menjad there.

They will take the test next year.

A. He said they will take the test next year.
B. He said they would take the test next year.
C. He said they would take the test next year.
D. He said they would take the test the following year.

Jawaban yang benar adalah d karena Modal Present Will harus dirubah ke Modal Past Would, dan time signal next year harus dirubah menjadi the following year.

She said they would go around the world the following year.

A. They said: “We will go around the world next year.”
B. They said: “We will go around the world the following year.”
C. They said: “They will go around the world the following year.”
D. They said: “They would go around the world next year.”

Jawaban yang paling benar adalah a karena dalam kalimat Indirect Speech dengan bentuk Past Would, maka dalam Direct Speech dirubah menjadi Present Will. Jangan bingung dengan jawaban d, karena di pilihan d, konteksnya berbeda, mereka menceritakan tentang mereka yang lain bukan tentang diri mereka sendiri. Sedangkan time marker the following year harus dirubah menjadi next year dalam Direct Speech.

They said he had watched the film five times.

A. He said: “I had watched the film five times.”
B. He said: “I have been watching the film five times.”
C. He said: “I have watched the film five times.”
D. He said: “I watched the film five times.”

Jawaban yang benar adalah c karena kalimat Indirect Speech dalam Past perfect Tense bila dirubah ke dalam Direct Speech harus berubah menjadi Present Perfect Tense.

He asked her if she had been traveling around Europe twice.

A. He asked her: “Have you been traveling around Europe twice?”
B. He asked her: “Have you been traveled around Europe twice?”
C. He asked her: “Has she traveled around Europe twice?”
D. He asked her: “Did she travel around Europe twice?”

Jawaban yang benar adalah a karena kalimat Indirect Speech dalam Past Perfect Continuous Tense berasal dari kalimat Direct Speech dalam Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

10.

He said his name is Alexander.

A. He said: “My name is Alexander.”
B. He said: “His name is Alexander.”
C. He said: “My name was Alexander.”
D. He said: “His name was Alexander.”

Jawaban yang paling benar adalah a, karena ini adalah General Truth. Walaupun biasanya Is di dalam Direct Speech dirubah menjadi Was di dalam Indirect Speech.

Kita bisa melihat bahwa perubahan time marker atau time signal dan tenses di dalam kalimat-kalimat Indirect Speech yang dirubah dari Direct Speech amatlah beragam. Berikut adalah pedoman dalam perubahan Direct Speech ke dalam Indirect Speech:

Tenses:

Simple Present Tense menjadi Past Tense.
Present Continuous Tense menjadi Past Continuous Tense.
Past Tense menjadi Past Perfect Tense.
Past Continuous Tense menjadi Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
Present Perfect Tense menjadi Past Perfect Tense.
Past Perfect Tense menjadi Past Perfect Tense (tidak ada perubahan).
Present Perfect Continuous menjadi Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense menjadi Past Perfect Continuous Tense (tidak ada perubahan).
Present Modals menjadi Past Modals (will menjadi would, can menjadi could, have dan has to/must menjadi had to, may menjadi might, untuk shall, might, ought to tidak ada perubahan).